3D carving
The intention is to provide a discussion/ workshop group for individuals who are (working in/ hope to work in ) sculptural media from 'bas relief' to completely 3d work., primarily working at the idea of resolving the authentic style, with the personal style of the worker. Bring the project that you are (working on / hope to be working on) with the intention to do 'problem solving' as a group learning exercise. The concept of ... " I know someone else out there is working on this idea...".
Speaker: J Caz Bentley

A "How to" and "History of" Blackwork Embroidery
Blackwork is a type of embroidery that was popular in Europe for a large portion of the middle ages. This simple style of embroidery offers a stunning result, even from the most inexperienced sewer. This course will offer a history of blackwork with a focus on its use in Tudor clothing. It will also feature a "hands-on" portion where you will start your own small sample of blackwork to take home with you. No experience necessary!
Speaker: Heather Galoska

A Child's Intro to Storytelling Parts I and II
An introduction to the mechanics of storytelling including the structure of a story, stage presence and some confidence builders, with an interactive, hands-on approach. Part II will involve telling your own stories so bring your parents to join the audience!
Speaker: Laurie Woodward

All About Linen
STRAW INTO GOLD is an overview of linen manufacture from planting to cloth. Discussion will include technologies and social organization of the industry.
Speaker: Anne Cox

Anglo-Saxon Pottery and its use in Cooking
A general overview of Anglo-Saxon pottery making, and a discussion on utilization of various pottery forms for cooking, based upon practical research.
Speaker: Foote the Potter

Archery through the Middle Ages
A brief overview of archery through the Middle Ages and how it changed and developed with the times.
Speaker: Russ Sheldon

Aristotle and the Perennial Threat of Heresy
Medieval Academic Culture and the Re-discovery of Aristotle Description: Christian orthodoxy and greek philosophy have had an ambiguous relation from the start. This course is a non-academic look at the academic and religious culture of the high middle-ages with regards to the varied reactions to the re-discovery (in Western Europe) of most of Aristotle's works. The various concerns and prejudices of the different faculties in the universities, of the mendicant religious orders and the church heirarchy are discussed in order to understand in context the Condemnations of 1270 and 1277 by Etienne Tempier, Bishop of Paris, and their effects. Also, learn about the origins of the term "Dunce" and other neat factoids resulting from the world of medieval theology.
Speaker: Michael DeMoor

Arms and Armour for 11th Century England
This course will include an overview of the weapons and armour common in England in the 11th century. We will bring an assortment of (blunted) weapons characteristic of the period, so students can pick them up and see what they are like, as well as armour they can try on.
Speakers: Mark Patchett, Chris Kerr

Arthurian Legends
Who was King Arthur? How did he come to be one of the most popular heroes in Western culture? This course will start with a look at the historical Arthur, then move through 1000 years of the development of the legend.
Speaker: Heather Dale

Beginner's Chainmail (2 hours)
Why was chainmail the ultimate armour for warriors for over a thousand years? So versatile, it is still in use today. Historical background, ‘how to’, and ‘hands on’. Please bring two pairs of pliers.
Speaker: Gary Snyder

Beginner's English Country Dance
This class will take you through the basic steps and figures of English Country Dancing including some of the simple but fun dances that are often done at many SCA events. No previous dance knowledge is required. If you can walk you can dance!
Speaker: Robyn Bennett

Beginner's Tablet Weaving (2 hours)
A hands-on introduction to tablet weaving. The participants will be shown how to string up a loom, as well as a few basic techniques and patterns. Observers are more than welcome.
Speaker: Rob Schweitzer

Black Death
Starting in 1347, Europe was ravaged repeatedly by widespread epidemics of what is commonly thought to be bubonic/pneumonic plague, epidemics which killed off around one third of Europe's population in only a few years. But comparisons of plague's present day patterns of spreading with the pattern of spread recorded in historical resources have shown the two patterns to be dissimilar. As a result, it has been suggested that whatever disease Europe suffered in the great dyings of the late 1300's was not plague but something else completely (as of yet unknown) while the epidemics of the 1500's onwards were plague as it presents today. This class will look at this argument and the evidence presented for both cases, highlighting in the process the difficulties of doing historical epidemiology.
Speaker: Gary Van Lingen

Brocaded Tablet Weaving
This class is for those individuals who have some experience with tablet weaving or who have attended the introductory class. A hands-on introduction of various brocading techniques used on tablet woven bands. Historical applications and designs will also be discussed. Observers are more than welcome.
Speaker: Rob Schweitzer

Calligraphy
This class with cover the history and hand of Irish Uncial.
Class is limited to 10 people.   
Speaker: Melanie Burrett

Chainmail - Second Steps (2 hours)
Beyond the basics: mail is the most versatile, flexible armour ever developed. Able to be shaped to every part of the human form mail can also be the basis for wonderful jewelry. In this class some different chain patterns will be discussed. A basic understanding of mail is required. Bring two pair of pliers.
Speaker: Gary Snyder

Children's Calligraphy
This class will teach children their first calligraphy "hand". Irish Uncial.
Class is limited to 10 people.   
Speaker: Melanie Burrett

Colouring
No Description Exists
Speaker: Tina Gaston

Comparing the Heian Era (794-1185) and the Sengoku Jidai (1543-1603)
This class will be taught in Interpretative style from the viewpoint of two people of the Sengoku Jidai teaching the history of the Heian Era.
Speakers: Brendan Smith, Grace Carr

Drop Spinning for Beginners
Come learn bottom whorl drop spindle spinning. A great hands-on class for beginners where you'll be shown the basics of spinning wool to produce single-ply yarn. You'll leave the class with your very own spindle, wool and handout.
Class is limited to 10 people.   There is a materials fee of $5 for this class.
Speaker: Sarah Hughes

English civil war
A discussion about the causes, reasons, and the perpetuation of a series of battles called the English civil war. Will alsoinclude an overview of technology and armaments used during this period
Speaker: Trudi Wright

Executions in Medieval Briton and Europe
The practices of medieval states to rid themselves of criminals was varied and brutal. Execution was a common practice in most places in the SCA world. I will examine the methods, myths and reasons for this practice. An in depth look at who the executioner was and his* place in society. *(I use the word HIS as I have found no reference for any medieval female executioner).
Speaker: Nicholas West

Fabric Dyeing in the Viking Age
Or, how to make your Viking Man the prettiest man on the ship. Bring a piece of undyed linen and wool to throw in the dye pot while we talk about the mordents and natural dyes of the Viking Age.
Speaker: Karen Peterson

Fingerloop Braiding
Popular in medieval Europe and England from 1200 to 1600, this technique has possibility for almost infinite variation. I will demonstrate the technique and teach patterns for three simple braids. These laces are perfect for purse strings, narrow decorative trim, ties for points and garment closures, hat laces and seal tags.
Speaker: Bree Flowers

Flint and Steel fire starting
Learn how to build a fire, and light it using flint and steel. This will be a hands on course, where you'll get to try the techniques and practice making fire. Note that this involves "real fire", so breathing smoke and burning your fingers are potential dangers.
Speakers: Mark Patchett, Chris Kerr

Games for Children
This class begins with some games that Children in the Middle ages play like tag. Then it will describe the different board games: Alqueque, nine mens morris, Hnefatafl, Royal game of the goose, and other board games.
Speaker: Kate Appelman

Getting a Handle on Hilts: The Development of the Sword Hilt 1450-1600
During the late 15th century and throughout the 16th century there were a series of developments in sword hilts that lead to some very complex designs, often referred to as "swept" hilts. This class will examine these developments and explore the factors that lead to them, both practical and social. It is hoped that this class will give recreators an idea of what hilt types were available during the later periods covered by the SCA. The class will be based on the examination of hilts in period artwork and studies of extant pieces.
Speaker: David Stamper

Gold Embroidery Practicum (2 hours)
A hands-on session with professional textile artist Lorina Stephens in which you learn to handle three types of real gold thread: passing, smooth purl and faccone. Participants should bring their own linen evenweave or silk evenweave or twill, scroll bar frame, needles, scissors, marking pen. Gold and filament silk supplied. An overview of the history of goldwork embroidery will be discussed as well. Nominal materials fee of $10.00 will cover the cost of the Gold and Filament Silk.
Speaker: Leonora da Liliacea

Hagiography (2 hours)
What medieval saints can tell us about medieval Europe.
Speaker: Trudi Wright

Havamaal: Words of Wisdom
"Too much beer is not good" is just one of the many jewels of wisdom we will be dropping in this class. Join Neil as he brings out the norse wisdom for a quick exposure to daylight..
Speaker: Neil Peterson

Heraldic Display
Concepts & Aesthetics. An introductory look the basic building blocks of heraldry and how they were used in period.
Speaker: Elise Kingston

Herbs - a workshop (2 hours)
In this two-hour workshop, we will discuss the use of humors and its application to not only herbology, but the lifestyle of people in the middle ages. Then, in groups, you will create your own recipe and make your own salve. There is a three dollar fee with this course, but you will take home a good sample of your very own concoction. "Double, double toil and trouble; Fire burn, and caldron bubble. Cool it with a baboon's blood, Then the charm is firm and good." ~Shakespeare
Speaker: Paddy Gillard-Bentley

Historic Interpretation for the Re-enactor
For re-enactors interested in sharing their enthusiasm for history with the public and members of the public who want to see and understand the process. This session will provide an overview of interpretation methods, tips and hints and common problems in translating one's hobby into informative and entertaining presentations to the public at museums and other locations.
Speaker: Dave Cox

History of Herbs
What role did herb craft have in the Middle Ages? What is the history of herbs and healing? How can you start from the very beginning, to enter the wonderfully magic world of herbs. All these things will be discussed in 'Beginner Herbs'.
Speaker: Paddy Gillard-Bentley

Hose
Basic pattern construction for early period hose that will leave you with a custom pattern for quick and easy hose making. Bring 1m of cheap fabric.
Speaker: Deborah Welch

How to dress like a moderately sucessful 11th Century Englishman
An overview of men's and women's clothing and accessories in 11th century England.
Speaker: Beth Patchett

How we Eat
A survey of eating utensils and containers of Western Europe from the Late Anglo Saxon Period to the 14th Century. This class will cover what has been found in the archelogical record and what we know from manuscripts about what people actually used to eat with.
Speaker: Sue Corbishley

Illumination
A hands-on Illumination class. Students will create their choice of a wee manuscript page or a bookmark. The class will also include a general description of the history of manuscript making and a current how-to. Fee includes the following supplies:a brush, paints, paper, and ink pen
Class is limited to 10 people.   There is a materials fee of $10 for this class.
Speaker: Kelly Carney-Garlow

Illumination for Children
A simple introduction to manuscript making. 10 active participants will beable to create an illuminated page.
Speaker: Kelly Carney-Garlow

Intermediate English Country Dance and Beginner 15th Century Italian Dance
This class is both an extension of the previous English Country Dance class and one in which some of the easier 15th century Italian dances are taught. Basic dance knowledge will be very helpful in this class, but not necessary.
Speaker: Robyn Bennett

Introduction to Embrodery for Children
We will learn some basic embrodery stitches, and if time permits design a small picture and embroder it. Participants are asked to bring their own embrodery hoops.
Class is limited to 6 people.   
Speaker: Aibhilin fra Skye

Introduction to Glass Bead Making
This class will cover the style of bead making known as Lampwork. A history of bead making, their uses, and trade. The modern process of lampworking to make a bead will also be demonstrated.
Speaker: Jean Ross

Introduction to the SCA
Calling all newbies! This class will cover everything that you could possibly want to know about the SCA, and will be geared to the interests and experience level of the participants. You will also recieve a booklet to take home with you.
Speaker: Grace Carr

Japanese Folklore and Poetry
This class will cover the various poetic types and styles during the SCA period and the elements of Japanese folklore.
Speaker: Brendan Smith

Japanese History from 1467-1603
This class covers the general history of Japan from the Onin War to the beginning of the Edo Era.
Speaker: Brendan Smith

Japanese History from 794-1467
This class covers the general history of Japan from the Heian Era to the Onin War.
Speaker: Brendan Smith

Latin Poetry
A very short look at Latin poetry, starting with the late Empire and continuing through until the High Middle Ages. The focus of this talk will be on scansion, metres, and the gradual popularity of end rhymes. A knowledge of the Latin language is NOT required for this class.
Speaker: Ann Graham

Lucet Braiding
A lucet cord is a very strong, extremely stable decorative cord that can be used for drawstrings or for decorative elements. This class will teach the basic lucet cording as well as some other technics including a multi coloured method. A kit can be purchased including a lucet & yarns. Fee will cover a wooden lucet and a length of yarn.
Class is limited to 15 people.   There is a materials fee of $5 for this class.
Speaker: Tina Gaston

Lucet Braiding for Children
A lucet cord is a very strong, extremely stable decorative cord that can be used for drawstrings or for decorative elements. This class will teach the basic lucet cording to chidlren. A kit can be purchased including a lucet & yarns.
There is a materials fee of $5 for this class.
Speaker: Tina Gaston

Making Tassels And Tassel Dolls
How to make a basic yarn tassel and, for the more advanced, a tassel doll. Supplies for one or two each provided.
Speaker: Laurie Woodward

Making Waraji
Learn to make Japanese sandals. These sandals are easy to make, comfortable and cheap! A hands on class. You'll leave having begun a pair of sandals. Fee includes toe board, jute
Class is limited to 10 people.   There is a materials fee of $5 for this class.
Speaker: CANCELLED

Mastermyr box
A look at the tools in the box, the skills they represent and the kinds of things that could be made with the tool set.
Speaker: Ken Cook

Material Culture of the Viking Age
Much of what defines a historic period is the 'stuff' - what a characters from that time surrounded themselves with. These objects will be shaped by available raw materials and technologies, and help define the physical world of the individual. Expect a very free ranging examination of the Viking Age, illustrated with slides and physical replicas. (Hosted by the Dark Ages Re-creation Company)
Speaker: Darrell Markewitz

Medieval Campfire Cooking
Learn how to care for you and your pots when cooking outdoors, afew simple recipes to start you off and some "camp" organizational skills. Handouts will be given.
Speaker: Terra Jade Wallace

Medieval Medicine
What constituted medicine during the European Middle Ages was a hodgepodge of beliefs and practices that desperately sought to make sense of what goes wrong with the human body and how to fix it. From the comfort (and hubris) afforded by our present time, we believe that the mediaeval doctors got it all wrong. This class will go over the general outline of the development of European medicine between the fall of Rome to the sixteenth century and what influences came from where during that time. Emphasis will be placed on how doctors attempted to make sense of new diseases, in particular the plague and what is commonly assumed to syphilis in the sixteenth century.
Speaker: Gary Van Lingen

Naalbinding
Come and Learn the very simple stitches necessaary to make a hat. Once your hat is started the class will move on to learn the more complex stitches used in making socks. Fee includes a ball of Lopi yarn and a darning needle
There is a materials fee of $8 for this class.
Speaker: Sarah Scroggie

Norse Music
Tired of singing in Parallel 5ths? Need to strike another skill off your list to become a proper Viking noble? Come hear the songs and try the instruments of the Norse.
Speaker: Richard Schweitzer

Norse Poetry
Malahattr, Ljoðahattr, Fornyrðislag, Galdralag. If Egil could write Drottkvaett verse at age three you can learn to do it now. This course will look at the forms of Norse poetry.
Speaker: Richard Schweitzer

Pastimes of the Vikings
"Its all fun and games when someone loses and eye!"
Actually Norse pastimes tended to be a little less violent than that. This class will cover the basic rules of Tafl, as well as examining other pasttimes that can be used to fill those long hours of leisure time.
Speaker: Neil Peterson

Peasant Dance
This class will cover some dances done by the lower classes. Fun and easy dances. No previous dance experience is required.
Speaker: Laura Witham

Playing Dance Music
Bring your own instrument, a basic ability to play and read music, and practice for being the live band for the dancing.
This class is limited to 5 active participants who will be practicing for the dance, and space for an additional 5 who want to come out and learn some tunes for fun.
Class is limited to 5 people.   
Speaker: Melanie Burrett

Poetry
"Finding Your Muse" Trying your hand at writing poetry? Stuck with a good line and no where to take it. Finding your muse can be a journey with surprising results at the end. We will look at a variety of things that can inspire those creative impulses. This will be a discussion more than strictly a class, though we will try to write something in the second half of the class.
Speaker: Danute Dorion

Poisons and their Uses in the Middle Ages
Or how to "off" the opposition in one easy lesson! The rich and powerful used many ways of eliminating their opponents in the Middle Ages. Come and discover how poisons were used by the unscrupulous to further their ambitions.
Speaker: Francois van Heerden

Practical Medieval Gaming
Two main aspects of gaming will be covered. One is the actual rules, with play time, of several period games. The other has to do with commentaries on organising your own gaming supplies for use at events. The overall goal is to facilite yourself being able to play games at future events.
Speaker: Brian Laxson

Practical Tips for making French Hoods
A little bit of portrait interpretation.... a lot more tips and techniques on actually making a French hood. The techniques will pertain to early through late French hoods, with sample materials to play with.
Speaker: Nina Bates

Problems with Modern Reference material With regards to Medieval Archery
As archery has found a resurgance of popularity since the Victorian era various researchers and enthusiasts have written books about Medieval archery. Those books and articles in some cases became the basis for more modern written materials. Also some of these articles bring into question the original accounts written several hundred years ago. Which one is correct?
Speaker: Russ Sheldon

Re-Creating the Rom
Interpreting any culture for anything from historical re-enactments to movies and plays can be rife with stereotyped errors and assumptions. North American Natives have long suffered as the Lone Rangers side-kick. With renewed interest in the peripheral peoples of history, the Rom as well are being focused on as a people to recreate. Are we doing them any favours? Can we recreate them accurately?
Speaker: Karina Bates

Re-creating Medieval Objects
To re-create a historic character, you need more than a name. Your personna needs to be equipped, and the higher the level of detail the more accurate the depiction. How do we examine historic artifacts and other sources? This discussion will touch upon what makes an artifact survive, and what it can - or can not, tell us. All historical re-creation is 'the art of the possible' - how do these principles effect the equipping of your personna? Illustrated with slides and physical samples drawn from a number of time periods.
Speaker: Darrell Markewitz

Reconstructing the Viborg Shirt
11th Century linen shirt unearthed virtually intact in Scandanvia. A look at it's construction methods and it's relationship to other similar garments of the period.
Speaker: Elise Kingston

Religious women (2 hours)
A discussion of the role women played in religion, both inside monasteries, and in towns.
Speaker: Trudi Wright

Sheep to Shoulders
An overview of the textile process in the Viking Era
Power point presentation of how the Norse made fabrics, from sheering sheep to woven cloth to embrodiered trim.
Speaker: Karen Peterson

Shoes
Learn how to construct a pair of early period Irish leather "bag" shoes or "pampooties". Bring paper or material to make a pattern. If you want to begin a pair bring enough leather to cover your feet, cutting tools, and a leather needle.
Speaker: Deborah Welch

Sidesword - Cut-and-Thrust Swordplay of the 15th and 16th Centuries
Sidesword or Spada da Lato has come to describe a style of cut-and-thrust swordplay developed by Italian sword masters such as Agrippa, Marozzo, dall' Agocchie, etc. in the late 15th century and well into the 16th century. Although its techniques were useful on the battlefield, the sidesword (or side-arm) was primarily a civilian weapon. These cut-and-thrust techniques were eventually developed into the primarily thrust oriented styles of the 17th century and later. This class will demonstrate various sidesword techniques (such as grappling, disarming, percussive cuts, etc.), their effectiveness and the reasons they were developed. Those involved in SCA Rapier or Sidesword will also find this class informative.
Speakers: Ian Walsh, David Stamper

Silverpoint Drawing
What did Leonardo da Vinci learn to draw with? The idea of drawing in a traditional medium which is not part of the modern, mainstream tradition. Verrocchio, Leonardo, ... fra Angelo, ... the history of drawing in metalpoint... brief workshop on technique, coupled with some studio time.
Speaker: J Caz Bentley

Smelting Iron - report on ongoing experiments
Since 2001, there have been a series of experimental iron smelts undertaken by members of DARC. Buliding on the chemistry of smelting, refering to Viking Age and other historical evidence the team has gained some valuable practical experience. This session will present the preliminary findings of the four experimental firings. Some tenative conclusions will be drawn, with suggestions for future investigations.
Speaker: Darrell Markewitz

Soapstone Carving (2 hours)
This session will start with a short talk on different types of stones used by the Norse and their relative hardness, using modern terminology. Participants will have the opportunity to make either a spindle whorl or a tafl centre piece and are asked to bring (if possible) a small, single-edged knife suitable for woodcarving. Other tools (and a limited number of suitable knives) will be available to borrow during the class.
Class is limited to 6 people.   
Speaker: Ann Graham

Soldiers of Late/Post Roman Britain 350 to 450 AD
This class will attempt to give the student a clear good picture of what a soldier of this period would look like. We will cover the transition and change of arms, armour, recruitment, deployment, tactics and miliary philosophies of the later legions, specifically in Roman Britain.
Speaker: Paul J. Cahill

Sprang (2 hours)
Students will warp their loom and begin a small circular sprang project. Previous sprang experience is very helpful. Students should bring their own sprang frame with dowels, 2 balls of medium weight crochet cotton, 2 additional pieces of 1 3/4" dowling cut to 15" length, 1 package of BBQ sticks / skewers. The class is limited to 5 activie participants but auditors are welcome.
Speaker: Judy McKay

The Archaeology of a Viking Iron Smelter Village in the UK
Excavations started in 1997 at a site in Cumbria have uncovered the remains of a Viking-era iron smelting site with an associated village and cemetery site. The presenter, who dug on site in 2000, will go through the process of how the site's components were brought to light and what was found. The conflict over this interpretation (the British archaeological establishment was none too pleased with non-British archaeologists finding this site) will be presented as well.
Speaker: Gary Van Lingen

The Fall of Constantinople
Imagine 7,000 christian defenders against the massed might of 80,000 Turkish warriors. Surely these are unbeatable odds, and yet if not for a lucky stone....
Speaker: Vladislav cel Inalt Tepelus

The History of the Rom (Gypsies)
Brief history of the Rom from India on, with some discussion as to timelines and countries visited. If time permits, there will be a discussion on culture and clothing.
Speaker: Karina Bates

The Poor Knights of the Temple of Solomon
An examination of the formation, practices and down fall of the worlds most mysterious group of knights. The date 1118, the place in the old temple mount Jerusalem, what is that I hear? Digging much digging. What were these knights digging for, what did they find and what does it have to do with and island off the coast of Nova Scotia? These questions and many more will be answered in this presentation.
Speaker: Nicholas West

Tips and tricks for handsewing (2 hours)
This is a practical course, showing how to make a gusset and gore style tunic by hand. Students will sew a scaled down piece, using period assembly and finishing techniques.
Speaker: Beth Patchett

Tudor Textiles
This class is designed to help you be able to go into a fabric store and chose fabrics that will as closly as possible approximate early 16th century English textiles. We will look at examples of period patterns,weaves,colours and whether you should really be making your next new court gown in shades of blue velvet. Emphasis will be on starting to build practical skills, so bring your clothing design ideas or even snippets of fabric you might already have for discussion.
Speaker: Catherine Ollerhead DeSantis

Ukrainian costumes from 1000-1600
An overview of Ukrainian costumes from the Kievan Rus until the Cossack Age. The Ukrainian costume evolved over time and as well being influenced from other culture. This talk will look at the changes as well as recreating them.
Speaker: David Blanchard

Understanding Historical Sources
This class will focus on the critical use of historical sources of all types, including written and material sources. We will discuss primary, secondary and tertiary sources and how these definitions differ for historians, artisans, archaeologists, and literary scholars; the focus will be on how to determine whether a given source is a reliable source for a particular topic. We will also discuss some of the "technical" aspects of doing historical research, such as how to use and cite sources. At the end of this class, you should gain an understanding of how professional historians approach the sources they use for their research and how you can apply their methods...without having to go through eight years of graduate school!
Speaker: Susan Carroll-Clark, Ph.D.

Warp and Weft, Sword and Spear: exploring the construction of gender in Viking and Anglo-Saxon communities
Gender is a hot topic in today's world of multiple identities, ethnicities and global economies. As we seek to understand the construction of gender in our own communities, we look with interest to other societies, past and present, to bring perspective to our own society. This talk explores the way in which current attitudes to gender have altered our approach to the past by expanding our understanding of the complexity of human social practice. It also highlights the pitfalls of bringing our changing world view to the construction of past social identities.

Gender structures how we, as individuals, get on with the world. It affects whether we are born, what skills we are taught, it alters as we mature through childhood, adulthood and old age. This talk explores how gender was articulated in Viking and Anglo-Saxon society and how it affected, not only individuals, but the society as a whole. It focuses on the expression of gendered identities throughout early medieval society. It looks at what the historical and archaeological sources can tell us about this complex topic as well as where they fall short. Finally, it highlights where gender research is headed in the future.
Speaker: Leigh Symonds, Ph.D.

Western Ukraine during the Time of the Mongol invasions
Western Ukraine was heavily influenced by German and Polish culture during the 13th century. The western most Ukrainian kingdom, Halych-Volhynia was the most feudal of the Kiev Rus states. In a constant state of civil turmoil, the Prince of Halych had to deal with the Mongol invasions. This lead to his being crowned King of Halych by emissaries of the Pope - A Orthodox prince being crowned by the Catholic Church. It is a time of intrigue, warfare, politics, and eye witness accounts of the Mongol invasions.
Speaker: David Blanchard

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